Computes the alpha-decaying kernel from kNN distances.
Details
The alpha-decaying kernel: $$K(i,j) = \exp\left(-\left(\frac{d(i,j)}{\epsilon_i}\right)^\alpha\right)$$
where \(\epsilon_i\) is the distance to the k-th neighbor (adaptive bandwidth) and \(\alpha\) controls the decay rate.
Reference: Moon, K.R., et al. (2019). Visualizing structure and transitions in high-dimensional biological data. Nature Biotechnology, 37(12), 1482-1492.